منابع مشابه
Primitive Elements
Importantly, there is no element 1 ≤ k < p − 1 such that a ≡ 1(modp). The concepts presented in the study of primitive elements can be considered special cases of more general idea presented in group theory. Specifically, the primitve element a can be seen as a generator of Zp, we wil discuss this in more detail in the first section of the paper. Primitive elements also have applications in enc...
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In these lectures we discuss some basic aspects of Hamiltonian formalism, which usually do not appear in standard texbooks on classical mechanics for phyicists. We pay special attention to the procedure of Hamiltonian reduction illustrating it by the examples related to Hopf maps. Then we briefly discuss the supergeneralisation(s) of the Hamiltonian formalism and present some simple models of s...
متن کاملAn Algebra of Skew Primitive Elements
We study the various term operations on the set of skew primitive elements of Hopf algebras, generated by skew primitive semi-invariants of an Abelian group of grouplike elements. All 1-linear binary operations are described and trilinear and quadrilinear operations are given a detailed treatment. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of multilinear operations are specified in t...
متن کاملCounting Primitive Elements in Free Groups
In this paper it is proved that the set of primitive elements of a nonabelian free group has density zero, i.e. the ratio of primitive elements in increasingly large balls is arbitrarily small. Two notions of density (natural and exponential density) are defined and some of their properties are studied. A class of subsets of the free group (graphical sets) is defined restricting the occurrence ...
متن کاملGeneralized Primitive Elements of a Free Group
We study endomorphisms of a free group of finite rank by means of their action on specific sets of elements. In particular, we prove that every endomorphism of the free group of rank 2 which preserves an automorphic orbit (i.e., acts “like an automorphism” on one particular orbit), is itself an automorphism. Then, we consider elements of a different nature, defined by means of homological prope...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Pacific Journal of Mathematics
سال: 1983
ISSN: 0030-8730,0030-8730
DOI: 10.2140/pjm.1983.105.217